Normodyne 2-hydroxy-5-{1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl}benzamide Labetolol BDBM25758 Albetol labetalol
- Asselin, AA; Humber, LG; Crosilla, D; Oshiro, G; Wojdan, A; Grimes, D; Heaslip, RJ; Rimele, TJ; Shaw, CC Indole-phenol bioisosterism. Synthesis and antihypertensive activity of a pyrrolo analogue of labetalol. J Med Chem 29: 1009-15 (1986)
- Clifton, JE; Collins, I; Hallett, P; Hartley, D; Lunts, LH; Wicks, PD Arylethanolamines derived from salicylamide with alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor blocking activities. Preparation of labetalol, its enantiomers, and related salicylamides. J Med Chem 25: 670-9 (1982)
- CYP450 Enzyme Inhibition Test Experimental Method: 4-hydroxydiclofenac (the substrate for CYP450 and 2C9 enzymes) and different doses of compounds were added into human liver microsome (Xenotech, LLC), then NADPH (Reduce dcoenzyme II, Chem-impex international, Inc.) was added, mixed, and then incubated in 37° C. water bath, at the terminal time, the stop solution (200 ng/mL tolbutamide and 200 ng/mL labetalol dissolved in acetonitrile) was added to stop the reaction, methanol or ethanol was used to precipitate proteins, the concentration of the metabolites of substrates was determined by using LC-MS/MS to obtain the IC50 values of compounds on CYP450 and 2C9 enzyme.
- Inhibition Assay Master solutions were prepared containing human liver microsomes (Gibco, 0.2 mg/mL) and MgCl2 (5 mM) in potassium phosphate buffer (10 mM). To aliquots (169 μL) of the microsome solution was added test compound in acetonitrile (1 μL) and DMSO (1 μL) to provide final test compound concentrations of 0, 0.005, 0.05, 0.25, 1, 5, 10, and 25 μM.NADPH (10 mM) in ultra-pure water (20 μL) was added, and this mixture was incubated at 37° C. for 30 minutes. The enzyme reaction then was initiated by the addition of enzyme substrate (dextromethorphan) dissolved in 1 μL of acetonitrile and 9 μL of ultra-pure water. The final substrate concentration was 10 μM.After 20 minutes, the incubation mixture was diluted with 3 volumes of cold methanol containing imipramine (200 nM), labetalol (200 nM), and ketoprofen (2 μM) as internal standards. Samples were centrifuged at 16,000 g for 10 minutes, then an aliquot of the supernatant (200 μL) was removed and a
- Des1 Activity Assays Jurkat clone E6-1 cells were grown and then seeded at 106 cells/mL in a 96-well plate (400 μL in each well. The cells were administered 100 μL of cell culture media containing 50-μM NBD-C6-dihydroceramide (Des1 substrate), affording a final concentration of substrate of 10 μM. The cells were incubated with substrate at 4° C. for 30 minutes. Following the incubation at 4° C., the cell suspension was centrifuged at 1200 rpm for 3 minutes, and the cell pellet is resuspended in 400 μL of fresh media containing various concentrations of either fenretinide (known Des1 inhibitor control compound) or test article. The final concentrations of control compound and test compounds were tested in a range from 0-10 μM. The cells and compounds were incubated at 37° C. for 3 hours. Following the 3-hour incubation, the plate was centrifuged at 2500 g for 3 minutes at 4° C., followed by collection and transfer of 200 μL of the supernatant to a new 96-well plate with 300 μL of methanol an containing appropriate internal standards for liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectroscopy (LC/MS/MS) analysis (internal standard: 500 nM labetalol and 100 nM alprazolam). The samples were vortexed for 2 minutes followed by centrifugation at 3,220 g for 20 minutes. Following centrifugation, 200 μL of the supernatant was transferred to a new 96-well plate for LC-MS/MS analysis to determine the amount of NBD-C6-ceramide (Des1 product) produced. The assay was typically performed in duplicate. A reduction of at least 30% compared to vehicle control (0 μM test article) is indicative of an active compound, and a reduction of 75% compared to vehicle control is preferred.